Cytomorphological Study Of Benign And Malignant Breast Lesions Diagnosed By Fine Needle Asiration Cytology In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Background:Carcinoma of breast is the most common non skin malignancy in women and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer deaths 1. FNA has now become a popular investigation to assess the nature of palpable breast lesions. The purpose of FNA is to confirm cancer preoperatively and to avoid unnecessary surgery in specific benign conditions2.Material And Methods:The observational study (prospective) was conducted in the cytology section in Department of Pathology over a period of 2 years (December 2018-November 2020) and included 100 patients who pre sented with palpable breastbreast lumps. Cytomorphological features of all the lesions were studied. The findings were tabulated and analysed. Result:There were 98 female and 2 male patients. Majority of the patients were from the age group of 31 –40 yrs. There was no significant association between the gender, duration of symptoms with the side of the breast involved. In benign breast lesions, fibroadenoma was most common and amongst malignant lesions, Ductal carcinoma. Conclusion:FNAC is a good diagnostic tool for breast lesions and it should be considered as a primary investigation of choice for suspected breast lesions considering its safety, simplicity and inexpensive characteristics.

STUDY OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN PALPABLE BREAST LUMPS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, SURYAPET, TELANGANA

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the second most common malignancy in India preceded by cervical carcinoma. Palpable breast lumps either self detected or identi?ed by clinician are common, ef?cient evaluation and prompt diagnosis are necessary to rule out malignancy. Clinical examination, radiological evaluation and tissue sampling – Triple assessment needed for de?nitive diagnosis. FNAC has a good sensitivity, speci?city and accuracy in the diagnosis of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic breast lumps. The present study is aimed to analyse the incidence and various cytomorphological sprectrum of breast lesions done by FNAC. Materials & Methods: This is retrospective observational study conducted in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College/ Government General Hospital, Suryapet, Telangana from January 2020 to December 2021 (2years). Clinical history was taken and FNAC done. Smears are stained with H&E stain and assessed. Results: In our study, 87 female patients were analysed. Age group of patients ranged from 15years to 70years. There was slight preponderance in right breast lesions 45cases(51.7%). Most common lesion in our study was ?broadenoma which constituted 36 cases (41.3%), peak incidence in 21-30year age group. Second most common lesion was duct cell carcinoma accounting for 27cases(31%), peak incidence seen in 41-50years age group. Conclusion FNAC is a simple, safe, cost effective procedure which is a component of triple assessment. It helps to differentiate benign from malignant lesions in majority of cases when combined with clinical and radiological examination for de?nitive management.

Palpable breast lumps an age-based approach to evaluation and diagnosis

A palpable breast lump is a common presentation of breast disease to a general practitioner. Fortunately, investigation of most of these lumps will lead to a benign diagnosis. It is essential to have a clear and systematic approach when investigating a palpable breast lump to avoid over investigation with the resultant increase in healthcare cost and anxiety. This article will discuss an approach to evaluating and diagnosing a palpable breast lump in the primary care setting

A comparative clinicopathological study between ultrasonography, mammography, fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy of breast lump

Background: Early presentation and prompt diagnosis is the essential key in treatment of different variety of neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic breast disease. In this study usefulness of high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUSG), mammography, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy in correlation with histopathological pattern, was assessed.Methods: After matching the criteria, 212 cases, were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.Results: Out of 212 cases, 163 (76.88%) were benign lesions, 49 (23.11%) were malignant and 1 (0.47%) were of inflammatory pathology. Benign to malignant breast disease ratio was 3.3:1. Out of 49 malignant cases, 45 (91.83%) were ductal cell carcinoma and 4 (8.16%) was apocrine carcinoma. Maximum numbers of cancer patients were found in the 51-60-year age groups. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mammography in detecting carcinoma breast were 87.76%, 64.71%, 87.76% and 64.71% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HRUSG in detecting carcinoma breast were 85.71%, 90.18%, 72.41% and 95.45% respectively. Among benign lesions, 47 (28.83%) were diagnosed by mammography and 147 (90.18%) were diagnosed by HRUSG. When these modalities were combined, >95% of the lesions was diagnosed accurately.Conclusions: Ultra sound used liberally as an adjunct to mammography, increase the cancer detection rate. Core needle biopsy is found more accurate but FNAC have limited value in evaluation of benign breast lump. This study also proves that preoperative categorization of breast lesions is utmost important for management of the patient and this will help to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment.

A prospective study to determine the accuracy of triple test score in breast lump

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The commonest mode of presentation of diseases of the breast is lump. It is the most common site-specific cancer in women. Triple test score which includes clinical breast examination, mammogram, FNAC score. A simple non-invasive but reliable test can make a huge difference in management between benign and malignant lumps. Aims and objectives of the study were to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions based on TTS and correlated the accuracy of triple test score with histopathology report, and plan the management accordingly.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in which TTS was calculated by summation of individuals’ scores of all three components and compare with histopathology report.Results: In present study of 74 patients (age group of 30 to 65 years), based on TT score 52 benign, 12 malignant, and 10 suspicious (neither benign nor malignant). But the final histopathological result showed 59 as benign and 15 as malignant, which is in concordant with TTS, which shows the accuracy of up to 100%. Out of 10 (suspicious) which were dis-concordant, 7 are benign and 3 are malignant on histopathology.Conclusions: By use of the triple test score and its interpretation, definitive treatment can be initiated, which would reduce the need for unnecessary biopsy and its ability to predict benign lump, can avoid major surgery.

Clinical and pathological correlation in benign breast diseases in women

Background: Benign breast diseases are a common problem presenting in a day to day surgical practice. A combination of three tests i.e. clinical examination, radiological imaging and pathological examination is commonly used to accurately diagnose breast diseases. This study was aimed to know the clinico-pathological correlation in diagnosing benign breast diseases in women.Methods: A study of 30 female patients of benign breast disease was conducted by clinical examination and comparing its accuracy with the pathological findings.Results: The highest incidence of benign breast diseases was in the age group of 30-39 years (33.3%). The most common presenting symptom was lump (53.3%) in the breast. The most common quadrant involved was the upper outer quadrant (60%). Fibroadenoma (53.3%) was the most common lesion in this study. The clinical examination in cases of fibroadenoma had sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 % and 92.8% respectively. In cases of fibrocystic disease, clinical examination had sensitivity and specificity of 85.7 % and 91.3% respectively.Conclusions: Overall clinical breast examination had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98% in this study. Hence, combination of all three diagnostic modalities i.e. clinical, radiological and pathological examination should be used. But in rural areas where radiological and pathological facilities are not available, clinical examination can also give us a fair amount of idea in diagnosing benign breast diseases.

Diagnosis of breast lumps based on breast imaging reporting and data system score and histopathological examination: a comparative study

Background: Breast cancer incidence in India is increasing and has now become the most common cancer among women. Preoperative pathology diagnosis and mammography (using breast imaging reporting and data system      (BI-RADS) scoring system) constitute an essential part of the workup of breast lesions. The present study was aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of BI-RADS score with histopathological finding in diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of breast.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The present study was conducted on 100 randomly selected newly diagnosed cases of breast lump attending the General Surgery Department (OPD).Results: Considering histopathological examination as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of BI-RADS score is 93.9% and 82.3% respectively. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of BI-RADS score is 91.1%, 87.5% and 90.0% respectively.Conclusions: Author conclude from the present study that BI-RADS score being non-invasive, it may become a very useful test for evaluating Breast lump lesions. However, BI-RADS score cannot be considered as gold standard and thus cannot be used as an alternative to histopathology in diagnosis of breast lumps.

A comparative analysis of mammography breast imaging reporting and data system score and fine needle aspiration cytology in the evaluation of palpable breast lump

Background: Breast lump is one of the commonest complaints with which patients present in breast clinics. As in most cases breast lump ultimately leads to a diagnosis of breast cancer, it is important for women with a breast lump to receive appropriate evaluation. So initial diagnostic approach such as utilization of rapid, inexpensive, presumptive and safe method is utmost important as such methods not only would benefit both patients and clinicians by prompting proper preoperative diagnosis and management but also further limits unnecessary testing and procedures. Aim and objectives of this study was to analyse the diagnostic accuracy of mammogram according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) score and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in patients presented with benign and malignant breast lumps in authors centre.Methods: During this retrospective study from January 2018 to December 2018, the subjects concerned included all the female patients, who were referred to the department of pathology for FNAC of their breast mass and had radiological reports (mammography) with BI-RADS score according to the latest guidelines. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of BI-RADS scores and FNAC in diagnosis of breast diseases was done on the basis of final diagnosis.Results: In this study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy was 88.57%, 82.46%,75.61%,92.16% and 84.78%, respectively for Mammography (BIRADS) score and 100% for all the parameters on FNAC.Conclusions: According to authors above study findings concluded that FNAC could be considered an ideal initial diagnostic modality in all breast lumps recognized by means of imaging techniques. It is not only considered as safe, cost effective, rapid and presumptive diagnostic method but also further limits unnecessary testing and procedures.

Scrutinizing the patients with breast lump on fine needle aspiration cytology

Background: One of the most common medical problems, women face today, is a lump in the breast. These lumps may range from simple inflammatory to malignant. In case of carcinoma, early and accurate diagnosis can save the patient from metastases thus reducing mortality and morbidity. The aim of the present study is to see the spectrum of lesion in breast lump specimens in Ibn e Sina Hospital, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan over a period of ten years.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Multan Medical and Dental College Multan, Pakistan. Data were gathered from the archives of Pathology laboratory, comprising of years 2007 t0 2017, after approval from Institutional Ethical Review Committee. All the patients presented with complaint of any kind of swelling of breast were included in this study. All the demographic and clinical details of the patients were collected on proforma. Fine needle aspiration technique was used to take sample from the suspected lesional area. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.Results: A total of 2039 patients were presented with complaint of lump/swelling in their breast unilaterally or bilaterally. There were 628 (30.8%) benign lesions, 872 (42.8) malignant lesions, 229 cases with atypical cells. Mastitis/inflammatory lesions were seen in 167 (8.2%) cases and tuberculous granulomas were observed in 83 (4.07%) cases. Twenty cases were of miscellaneous types including lipoma, phylloda, simple cysts etc.Conclusions: Findings of present study show that majority of breast lumps were malignant, benign, inflammatory and tuberculous respectively.

An Analytic and Clinical Correlation Study of Breast Lump

Introduction: Breast lump is commonly the presentingcomplaint. A dynamic physiological alter in female breastmakes it prone to diverse diseases, lump being the commonone. Transformation in the breast continue throughout the lifeso no age group is bar from the breast disorders. These lumpshave two main causes: benign and malignant breast disease.Materials and Methods: The study comprise of 70 cases ofbreast lump was assume at government hospital Sikar.Methods for evaluation of breast lump were anamnesis andphysical examination, which was supplement with radiologicalinvestigations. Finally a tissue diagnosis was obtained withFine needle aspiration cytology.Results: More than 70% of patients with menopause betweenage group of 45 - 49 years, 50% of Ca breast patients attaintheir menopause more than 7 years, whereas only 2 patientswith benign lumps were menopausal and both of thempresented after 7 years of menopause. Positive family historywas noted in around 15% and around 11% of patients ofmalignancy and benign lumps respectively.Conclusion: Benign breast lumps are more frequent thanmalignant ones. Benign lump was more frequent in 21-30years age group whereas Carcinoma in 41-50 years agegroup. Breast cancer occurs at younger age as compared towomen in west with more than 70% of patients being below 50years of age.

To Correlate The Modified Triple Test (MTT) For Palpable Breast Mass With Histopathology.

Discrete breast mass in young women are common cause of anxiety though majority of these lesion are benign.It is frightful experience for the patient to undergo invasive procedure i.e. biopsy of breast mass. So there is obvious need of such diagnostic tool which is noninvasive or minimally invasive, quick , reliable , equivalent or nearly equivalent to current existing diagnostic procedure to avoid unnecessary biopsy, reduce patients anxiety and cost effective.Aims and objective–To study the role of modified triple test in the diagnosis of palpable breast mass.Material and method- The study was a prospective study done in tertiary care center Dehradun from June 2017 to June 2018. It was carried out in the department of surgery in SGRRIM and HS and included 148 patients who presented with palpable breast mass. Patients who were already diagnosed case of carcinoma breast were excluded from the study. Thorough clinical examination of breast was done. All the patients were investigated firstly by sonomammography then FNAC.Either core biopsy or excisional biopsy of breast mass was done in all the cases. Findings were recorded and data analysis was done. Sonomammography report was recorded according BIRADS protocol besides giving probable diagnosis. Breast mass histopathology (HPE) report was considered to be gold standard and all the results were compared with HPE of the same breast mass.Result: results of MTT is comparable with histopathology of the same breast mass. Conclusion: modified triple test is sufficient and reliable investigation for diagnosing palpable breast mass and biopsy of breast mass should be reserved only for doubtful cases.

Epidermal Cyst of the Breast: A Rare Case Presentation.

Epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC) arising from the breast is an interesting, rare, benign, and diagnostically challenging condition, since these may be misdiagnosed as malignant breast neoplasm, both on clinical and radiological examination, thereby creating undue anxiety and apprehension until the definitive diagnosis is formulated. To substantiate it, two cases of epidermal cyst of breast have been described.

Ectasia ductal mamaria en niños, a propósito de un caso clínico: A case report / Mammary duct ectasia in children

Introducción: La telorragia es un síntoma poco frecuente en pacientes pediátricos, la causa más frecuente en esta población es la ectasia ductal mamaria (EDM), que es una afección benigna y autolimitada, caracterizada por la dilatación del conducto mamario, fibrosis e inflamación periductal. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de EDM, para facilitar el rápido reconocimiento por parte de los médicos, y evitar estudios y tratamientos agresivos. Caso clínico: Lactante de sexo masculino de 6 meses de edad, sano, alimentado por lactancia materna exclusiva; consultó por un nódulo retroareolar derecho y telorragia unilateral. Se realizó una ecografía Doppler que mostró una lesión multiquística, sugerente de una EDM. Se planteó tratamiento expectante y acudió a control a los 6 meses con excelente evolución. Conclusiones: La EDM es la principal causa de telorragia en niños, corresponde a una afección benigna, y la resolución generalmente es espontánea, antes de los 9 meses. Por lo que su conocimiento es de gran relevancia para el adecuado diagnóstico y manejo de estos pacientes.

Introduction: Bloody nipple discharge is an infrequent symptom during childhood. The most common cause in this population is mammary duct ectasia (MDE), which is a benign and self-limiting condition, that is characterized by dilatation of the mammary ducts, fibrosis and periductal inflammation. Objective: Report of a case of MDE in order to improve physicians’ diagnosis accuracy and avoid aggressive studies and treatments. Case report: Six-months old male healthy infant, exclusively breastfeeded, that visited our clinic with a lump beneath his right nipple and bloody discharge from the same nipple. An ultrasound was performed which showed a multicystic lesion suggestive of MDE. Watchful waiting was decided as treatment, with good evolution after six months of follow up. Conclusions: The MDE is the leading cause of bloody discharge in pediatric population, being a benign condition that resolves spontaneously before nine months. The knowledge of this condition is essential so as to accurately diagnose and treat it.

Clinico-pathologic profile of women with palpable breast lumps in Chitwan Medical College, Nepal.

Background: Spectrum of female breast diseases is manifold and includes various non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions. This study focused on the clinico-pathological profile of several breast diseases, including fibrocystic change, fibroadenoma and breast carcinoma. Methods: This cross sectional analytic observational study included Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology cases of female breast diseases diagnosed over three years from 2011 to 2014 in Chitwan Medical College Teaching hospital in Central Nepal. Univariate analysis was carried out to find out age group-wise proportion of the diseases in relation to five cytologic categories and various cytomorphologic diagnoses. Independent samples t-test was used to find out the significance of difference between mean age of benign and malignant breast diseases. Results: The proportion of benign, suspicious for malignancy and malignant breast diseases was 90.4 %, 0.8% and 8.8 % respectively. The mean age of patients at diagnosis for benign diseases and malignant disease was 31.7± 10.4 years and 49.2 ± 12.0 years respectively. t-test showed difference in mean age between benign and malignant diseases to be statistically significant (t=8.79, p= <0.001). Fibrocystic change and fibroadenoma were the most common breast disease overall and the most common neoplasm respectively. 58.1 %, 25.9 % and 6.5 % of all carcinoma cases in this study were found below 50, below 40 and below 30 years of age respectively. Conclusions: Fibrocystic change and fibroadenoma are most common disease of breast and most common neoplasm of breast respectively. Breast cancer occurs in younger women in Nepal in comparison to women in developed countries. Therefore, breast cancer prevention programs in Nepal should target young women also.

Myeloid sarcoma of the breast in an aleukemic patient:a rare entity in an uncommon location

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary solid neoplasm of immature myeloid cells. These tumours usually develop in concurrence with or following acute leukemia. The breast is an uncommon site for presentation of this tumour, where it is often misdiagnosed as lymphoma or carcinoma.A 33- year-old female presented with a right breast lump in a private hospital, which was diagnosed as ductal carcinoma on lumpectomy. Subsequently she developed a lump in the left breast and a similar diagnosis of carcinoma was made on biopsy. A left mastectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a tumour composed of mononuclear cells arranged in sheets and cords with round to oval vesicular nuclei and occasional prominent nucleoli. IHC for CK was very weak and focal. The tumour cells were immunonegative for ER, PR, Her2neu,epithelial membrane antigen, e-cadherin, CD3 and CD20. Diffuse immunopositivity for myeloperoxidase, CD34 and CD117 established a diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. A histopathological review of the right breast lesion, with immunohistochemistry, also confirmed the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. Investigatory workup for acute myeloid leukemia, including bone marrow aspirate and biopsy and karyotypic studies, proved negative. The patient was treated with high dose cytarabine (HDAC) regimen and was disease free during the 12-month follow-up.Although extremely rare, awareness of such a presentation is crucial. This case also illustrates that careful histopathological review along with an expanded panel of immunohistochemistry is extremely important for recognizing such cases as a misdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary surgery and inappropriate therapy.

Cytological study of palpable breast lumps (407 cases) with their histological correlation.

Background: In India a large number of patients have been suffering from breast cancer and with each passing year, the number is increasing. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an inexpensive, simple and highly accurate means of diagnosing both benign and malignant breast lesions. The procedure provides a rapid and non-morbid diagnosis before the operation which enables the patient and the surgeon to discuss and plan therapeutic alternatives in a rational atmosphere. Aims & Objective: To find out the common causes of breast lesions, to evaluate role of FNAC in the diagnosis of them, their risk categorization for development of cancer and to conduct cytohistological correlation wherever possible. In addition the sensitivity, specificity, positive & negative predictive value of FNAC in breast lesions are carried out. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out on 407 patients who presented with palpable lump in the breast in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Ahmedabad over a period of one year. FNAC slides were examined under light microscope after H&E, Papanicolaou & May-Grunwald –Giemsa staining and were categorized as Unsatisfactory sample, inflammatory, Benign, Atypical probably benign, suspicious probably malignant and Malignant. Cytological Diagnosis was correlated with histological findings wherever possible. Results: Cytologically, the lesions were categorized in, Unsatisfactory 28 (6.87%), inflammatory 64 (15.72%), Benign 229 (56.26%), Atypical probably benign 8 (1.96%), suspicious probably malignant 8 (1.96%) and Malignant 70 (17.19%). Out of these 407 cases, 161 cases (39.55%) were available for histopathological examination. The most common benign lesion in this study was fibroadenoma 178/229 (77.72%) and the most common malignant lesion was infiltrating ductal carcinoma 51/70 (72.85%). The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC came out to be 98.08%, 98.86% respectively& positive & negative predictive value of FNAC were 99.35% &96.66% respectively. Conclusion: The FNAC of breast is cheap, safe and highly accurate preoperative method for diagnosis of breast lesions. Preoperative categorization of breast lesions is utmost important for management of the patient.

The effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on breast lumpectomy in women patients / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on breast lumpectomy in women patients .Meth‐ods Thirty women who underwent breast lumpectomy were randomly allocated into two groups (n=15) .Group A received mid‐azolam 2 .0 mg ,fentanyl 0 .1 mg and ketamine 2 .0 mg/kg ,everyone required supplementary propofol 5 .0 mg?kg -1 ?h-1 .In group B ,dexmedetomidine 0 .5 μg/kg was administered as a loading dose during 10 minutes followed by a continuous infusion of 0 .2μg?kg -1 ?h-1 ,Ketamine 2 .0 mg/kg was administered along with the dexmedetomidine loading dose .The recovery time ,the VAS and Ramsay at the end of the first hour of postoperation were recorded along with side effects .Meanwhile ,hemodynamic parameters , like heart rate(HR) ,mean blood pressure (MAP) and SPO2 were also monitored .Results Compared with group A ,the HR and MAP were significantly lower(P0 .05) in group B;there was no sig‐nificant difference in VAS and Ramsay scores among two groups ,the recovery time was shorter in group B(P<0 .05) .However ,the incidence of respiratory arrest and glossocoma were greatly higher in group A(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Dexmedetomidine and ket‐amine can offer an effective sedoanalgesia and lower hemodynamic discrepancy without causing any significant side effect on breast lumpectomy in women patients .

The clinical analysis of ultrasound-guided Mammotome resection of breast lumps through the retromammary space / 中国综合临床

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted minimal invasive resection(Mammotome procedure)of breast lumps through the retromammary space. Methods Seven hundred and eighty-seven patients in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from Jan. 2011 to May 2012 were underwent ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation through the retromammary space (retromammary space group,385 cases),or adjacent the lumps,and followed by post-operation visits regularly (Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps group,402 cases). The operation effects were compared between the two groups. Results All cases were followed up for 12 months. The period of Mmmotome operation through the retromam mary space and the rate of resection were(48 ± 6)min and(52 ± 4)min,99. 48%(383 / 385), 99. 25%(399 / 402),perspectively,in group of Mammotome operation through the retromammary space and Mammotome operation adjacent lumpsand. There was no significant difference between the two groups( P> 0. 05). The amount of procedural bleeding,the incidence of ecchymosis,local hematoma and the number of incision in group of Mammotome operation through the retromammary space were(8 ± 3)ml,2. 34%(9 / 385), 0. 52%(2 / 385),(1. 3 ± 0. 6)respectively,which were significantly lower than those in Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps group((14 ± 6)ml,8. 71%(35 / 402),2. 74%(11 / 402),(2. 4 ± 0. 3)respectively). There were statistical difference between two groups( P = 0. 003,P < 0. 001,P = 0. 001,P = 0. 006). The rate of satisfaction in group of Mammotome operation through the retro-mammary space was 98. 70%(380 / 385),which is significantly higher than in group of Mammotome operation adjacent the lumps(89. 30%(359 / 402),P< 0. 01). Conclusion The therapy approach of ultrasound-guided Mammotome operation through the retromammary space has lower hemorrhagic complication,as well as the better effect with special advantages. Therefore it has prospective clinical application.

Different Types of Breast Lump in Relation to Different Age Groups.

This prospective observational study was carried out in the inpatient and outpatient department of surgery at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, during the period of 01.07.2008 to 31.12.2008 with a view to find out the incidence of breast carcinoma, fibroadenoma or other pathology in different age group. A total 130 patients with palpable breast lump were included in the study. Age of the patients was between 11 to 70 years. In most of the patients with breast lump Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and biopsy were done. Sometimes ultrasonography, mammography and other routine investigations were also done. Among the study population 53.85% had benign lesions, Breast carcinoma accounted for 46.15% cases, fibroadenoma for 40.76% and fibroadenosis were in 10% cases. Fibroadenoma was common in second and third decade, while carcinoma of breast was common in third and fourth decade in this study. Here we attempted to find out the age incidence of breast lump and its correlation with clinical features, FNAC findings and histopathological report to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and management of breast disease.